[1]
بَاعَهُ , (S, Mgh, &c.,) aor.
يَبِيعُ, (S, Msb, K,)
inf. n.
بَيْعٌ (S, Mgh, Msb, K) and
مَبِيعٌ, (S, Msb,
K,) which latter is anomalous, (S,) the regular
form being
مَبَاعٌ, (S, K,) has two contr. significacations:
He sold it: and
he bought it: (S, Mgh,
Msb, K:) and ↓
اباعهُ is a dial. var. of the same:
(IKtt, Msb:) [but app. only in the former sense:]
or this last signifies
he offered it for sale; or
exposed it to sale: (S, K:) and ↓
ابتاعهُ, as well as
بَاعَهُ, signifies
he bought it. (S, * Mgh, * Msb, K.)
The primary signification of
بَيْعٌ is The
exchanging,
or
exchange, of property; or the
making an exchange with property; as in the phrases
بَيْعٌ رَابِحٌ
[
an exchange of property bringing gain], and
بَيْعٌ خَاسِرٌ [
an exchange of property occasioning
loss]: and this is a proper signification when it
relates to real substances: but it is tropically used
to signify the
making the contract [
of sale and
purchase]; because this is the means of giving
[and obtaining] possession: [though this signification is what is termed
حَقِيقَةٌ عُرْفِيَّةٌ, i. e., a sense
so common as to be conventionally regarded as
proper:] the phrase
صَحَّ البَيْعُ, or
بَطَلَ, and the
like, mean
صَفْقَةُ البَيْعِ; [i. e.
The contract of sale,
or
purchase, was valid, or
was null;] but the
prefixed n. being suppressed, and its complement
[alone] used for it, and this being masc., the verb
is made masc. (Msb.)
بَاعَ [mostly signifies
He
sold; and] is doubly trans., both by itself and by
means of
مِنْ prefixed to the second object; (Mgh,
Msb;) this prep. being thus used as a corroborative: (Msb:) you say,
بَاعَهُ الشَّىْءَ and
بَاعَهُ مِنْهُ
[
He sold to him the thing and
He sold it to
him]: (Mgh:) and
بِعْتُ زَيْدًا الدَّارَ and
بِعْتُ مِنْ
زَيْدٍ الدَّارَ [
I sold to Zeyd the house: (see also an
explanation of the phrase
اِسْتَبَعْتُهُ الشَّىْءَ: and see
بَاعَهُ مِنَ السُّلْطَانِ: to which might be added
countless similar instances; for when
باع signifies
he sold, مِنْ is generally prefixed to the noun or
pronoun denoting the person to whom the thing
is sold:)] and sometimes
لِ is put in the place of
مِنْ; so that you say,
بِعْتُكَ الشَّىْءَ and
بِعْتُهُ لَكَ [
I
sold to thee the thing and
I sold it to thee]; the
ل being redundant [when the verb has this meaning, though not when it has the contr. meaning,
as will be seen below]. (Msb.) Of the contr.
signification we have an ex. in the saying of ElFarezdak,
إِنَّ الشَّبَابَ لَرَابِحٌ مَنْ بَاعَهَا
وَالشَّيْبُ لَيْسَ لِبَائِعِيهِ تِجَارُ
[
Verily youthfulness, he who buys it is a gainer;
but hoariness, there are no traffickers for its
sellers; the part. a. being here from the verb in
the former sense]: (S, TA:) and [often in a case
in which the verb is followed by
ل; as] in
بَاعَ لَهُ
الشَّىْءَ He bought for him the thing; (Mgh;) [the
ل not being redundant when the verb is used in
this sense;] and as in the saying of Tarafeh,
وَيَأْتِيكَ بالْأَخْبَارِ مَنْ لَمْ تَبِعْ لَهُ
بَتَاتًا وَلَمْ تَضْرِبْ لَهُ وَقْتَ مَوْعِدِ
[
And he will bring thee tidings for whom thou hast
not bought travelling-provisions, and for whom
thou hast not assigned an appointed time for his
bringing them]: (TA:) and in the saying,
بَاعَ
دُنْيَاهُ بِآخِرَتِهِ (tropical:) [
He purchased his enjoyments of
the present world at the expense of his enjoyments
of the world to come]: (Z, TA:) and [in like
manner] you say,
ابتاع ↓
زَيْدٌ الدَّارَ, meaning
Zeyd
bought the house: and
ابتاعها ↓
لِغَيْرِهِ He bought it
for another person. (Msb.) The verb has this
signification, also, in the trad.,
لَا يَبِعْ بَعْضُكُمْ عَلَى
بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ [
One of you shall not buy in opposition
to the buying of his brother when an agreement
has been manifested but the contract has not been
concluded]; (S, IAth, Mgh, Msb; [but in the S
and Msb and by IAth, the trad. is related thus;
لَا يَخْطُبِ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى خِطْبَةِ أَخِيهِ وَلَا يَبِعْ عَلَى بَيْعِ
أَخِيهِ; (see art.
خطب;)]) as is shown by the
relation of Bkh,
لَا يَبْتَاعُ ↓
الرَّجُلُ عَلَى بَيْعِ أَخِيهِ:
(Mgh, Msb:) or it may here have the contr.
meaning: (IAth:) Az says that the seller and
buyer are equal in offence when either of them
does thus to another. (TA.) [Similar to this is
the saying,
لَا يَسُومُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى سَوْمِ أَخِيهِ: see
art.
سوم. See also
بَاعَ عَلَى بَيْعِهِ below, used in
a tropical sense.] You say also,
بَاعَ عَلَيْهِ القَاضِى,
meaning
The judge sold against his will; (Mgh;)
sold without his consent. (Msb.) ―
2-b2- The pass.
form is
بِيعَ [
It was sold: and
it was bought]: (S,
K:) optionally either [thus] with kesr to the
ب,
or [
بُيْعَ] with damm to the
ب, (S,) [or rather
with a sound between that of damm and that of
kesr, which pronunciation is termed
إِشْمَامٌ;] and
some say
بُوعَ; (S, K;) changing the
ى into
و:
and thus in the cases of
كِيلَ and
قِيلَ and the
like: (S:) [but Ibn-Málik requires damm or
اشمام in the passive of a verb of which the medial
radical is
ى, and kesr or
اشمام in the passive of a
verb of which the medial radical is
و, to prevent
the mistaking of an active verb for a passive in
such cases as
بِعْتُ and
سُمْتُ: others, however,
only prefer what Ibn-Málik absolutely requires in
these cases. (See I'Ak p. 131.)] ―
2-b3- You say also,
بَاعَهُ مِنَ السُّلْطَانِ, [lit.
He sold him to the Sultán,]
meaning (tropical:)
he slandered him, or
calumniated him,
to the Sultán. (K, TA.) ―
2-b4- And
بَاعَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى
بَيْعِهِ, [of which the lit. meaning has been shown
above,] meaning (tropical:)
Such a one superseded him, or
occupied his place, in respect of honourable and
elevated station or
rank, and gained the mastery
over him; (K, * TA;) and so
حَلَّ بِوَادِيهِ: (TA:)
or
بَاعَ فُلَانٌ عَلَى بَيْعِ فُلَانٍ means (tropical:)
such a one
gained the mastery over such a one, and wrested
from him that which he sought to obtain from
him; and is an old proverb, applied by the
Arabs to a man who contends with another, and
seeks to obtain a thing from him by superior power
or force, when he has succeeded in doing as above
explained; and similar to it is the saying
شَقَّ فُلَانٌ
غُبَارَ فُلَانٍ. (El-Mufaddal Ed-Dabbee, TA.) One
also says,
مَا بَاعَ عَلَى بَيْعِكَ أَحَدٌ, meaning (assumed tropical:)
Not
any one has equalled thee. (TA.) ＝
1-A2-
بَيْعٌ is also
used in the sense of
اِنْبِسَاطٌ. (TA in art.
بوع.
[See
اِنْبَاعَ in that art.])